Torrid Tied Goldenrod

Latin torridus, parched / scorching — sharing root with torrēre (to dry by heat). As a color modifier, torrid implies a saturated-and-tropical-hot quality, the bright color of equatorial-Saharan-and-Sonoran-desert mid-summer high-temperature surface-emission. Sits at the bright-and-warm end of the grid, parallel to scorching and fiery in usage.

Old English tīgan, to-tie or to-bind. As a color modifier, tied implies a hand-tied-and-knotted quality, the visual register of hand-tied-and-knotted-rope-and-string hand-tied-and-knotted-fishing-net-and-shoelace-and-bow hand-tied-and-knotted-rope-and-cord surfaces under hand-tied-and-knotted-rope-and-cord working-light. Sits at the modifier-and-texture end of the grid, parallel to sewn and knot in usage.

Solidago, the late-summer wildflower of North American meadows whose tall sprays of small yellow flowers signal the end of the growing season. The color refers to the flower head at full bloom: a warm, slightly muted yellow-orange with the matte finish of small clustered florets. Cooler than mustard, deeper than dandelion. The state flower of Kentucky and Nebraska, a pollinator magnet, and the original native dye for early American homespun.