Imperial Mere Crimson

From the Latin imperialis, of the empire — applied to color since the medieval period for the hues reserved for sovereigns and empires: imperial purple of Tyrian dye, imperial yellow of Ming-dynasty porcelain. As a modifier, imperial implies saturation combined with the institutional weight of a color owned by a court. Sits in the bold-and-deep corner, alongside royal.

Old English mere, lake / pool. As a color modifier, mere implies a small-still-lake quality, the visual register of Lake-District-and-Norfolk-Broads small inland-water mirror-smooth-and-reed-fringed shallow-lake surfaces in still-and-overcast English-Lake-District morning-light. Sits at the modifier-and-place end of the grid, parallel to lough and pond in usage.

From the Old Spanish cremesin, itself from the Arabic qirmiz — the kermes scale insect, dried and ground into a brilliant carmine dye prized in the medieval Mediterranean. For centuries the most expensive red on a draper's shelf, reserved for cardinals, kings, and the cloth that gave English the word crimson. Cooler than scarlet, deeper than rose; the color of pomegranate seeds and a serious occasion.