Confident Honed Ultramarine

A late-Latin participle, confidens, trusting — borrowed into English in the sixteenth century. As a color modifier, confident implies saturation combined with poise: a confident red doesn't try too hard, just sits at the level of its hue without overreaching. Sits in the bold-bucket center near bold and resolute.

Old English hǣnan, to-sharpen. As a color modifier, honed implies a sharp-edged-and-polished quality, the visual register of Sheffield-and-Solingen-honed-blade hand-honed-and-sharpened-and-polished steel-and-iron-and-bronze Sheffield-and-Solingen-honed-blade surfaces under Sheffield-and-Solingen hand-honed-and-sharpened-blade workshop-light. Sits at the modifier-and-texture end of the grid, parallel to buffed and gloss in usage.

The pigment ground from lapis lazuli — the Afghan mineral imported through Venice in the late Middle Ages, more expensive by weight than gold during the Renaissance. The color refers to a freshly mixed ultramarine pigment in linseed oil: a saturated, slightly violet-shifted deep blue with the matte finish of micron-ground rock. Deeper than cobalt, cooler than royal, with the art-historical weight of the blue Vermeer reserved for Mary's robe.