Spangled Fall Goldenrod

Middle Dutch spange, clasp / metal-disc — past-participle of spangle. As a color modifier, spangled implies a saturated-and-multi-point-reflective quality, the bright color of American-flag-stars and sequined-fabric metallic-disc-and-jewel-decoration. Sits at the bright-and-reflective end of the grid, parallel to glittering and sequined in usage.

Old English feallan, to fall / autumn. As a color modifier, fall implies an autumn-leaf-and-harvest quality, the visual register of New-England-and-English-autumn deciduous-leaf-fall maple-and-oak-and-beech autumnal-orange-and-crimson surfaces under Northern-Hemisphere autumn raking light. Sits at the modifier-and-time end of the grid, parallel to yule and reap in usage.

Solidago, the late-summer wildflower of North American meadows whose tall sprays of small yellow flowers signal the end of the growing season. The color refers to the flower head at full bloom: a warm, slightly muted yellow-orange with the matte finish of small clustered florets. Cooler than mustard, deeper than dandelion. The state flower of Kentucky and Nebraska, a pollinator magnet, and the original native dye for early American homespun.