Gallant Flare violet

Old French galant, brave / charming — present-participle of galer (to make merry). As a color modifier, gallant implies a saturated-and-chivalrous-and-confident quality, the deep-rich color of Three-Musketeers and Cyrano-de-Bergerac swashbuckling adventure tradition. Sits at the bold-and-chivalrous end of the grid, parallel to valiant and heroic.

Origin obscure, attested c. 1540, to-burn-with-an-unsteady-flame. As a color modifier, flare implies a sudden-and-spreading-and-bright-burst quality, the visual register of signal-flare-and-solar-flare hand-sudden-and-spreading-and-bright-burst signal-flare-and-solar-flare-and-magnesium-distress flared-and-sudden-and-spreading-and-bright surfaces under signal-flare-and-solar-flare-and-magnesium-distress shipboard-and-rescue-and-corona high-intensity-light. Sits at the modifier-and-mood end of the grid, parallel to blaze and flash in usage.

Viola odorata, the European sweet violet — small, fragrant, and the original meaning of the color name in English (the Violet of the rainbow). The color refers to a fresh sweet violet blossom in late winter: a saturated, slightly red-shifted deep blue-purple with the matte finish of small five-petaled flower. Cooler than amethyst, warmer than indigo, with the perfumed weight of a flower used in Roman garlands and Victorian eau de toilette.