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Substantial Norn Forest

#2d9325
Notes

Substantial Norn Forest (#2D9325) is a true green with a jewel character. It carries the deep, saturated richness of a gemstone. Authoritative and slightly formal, it works well for type and heavy UI elements. Its HSL profile (116°, 60%, 36%) places it in the balanced band at a mid lightness. It works across type, buttons, and borders, saturated enough to feel deliberate but balanced enough to not fight the rest of the palette. For a confident two-color system, pair it with its complementary violet. For something softer, pull in its analogous neighbors on either side of the wheel.

HEX
#2d9325
RGB
rgb(45, 147, 37)
HSL
hsl(116, 60%, 36%)
HWB
hwb(116 15% 42%)
OKLCH
oklch(58.3% 0.173 142.1)
HSV
hsv(116, 75%, 58%)
LAB
lab(53.55% -50.03 46.96)
LCH
lch(53.55% 68.61 136.81)
CMYK
cmyk(69%, 0%, 75%, 42%)

Etymology

Substantial
adjective

Latin substantia, substance — adjectival suffix -al, derived from sub-stāre (to stand under). As a color modifier, substantial implies a saturated-and-weighty-and-material quality where the hue carries visual mass and presence. Sits at the bold-and-weighty end of the grid, parallel to weighty and hefty in usage.

Norn
modifier

Old Norse norn, Norse-fate-weaver. As a color modifier, norn implies a Norse-fate-weaver-and-Urd-Verdandi-Skuld quality, the visual register of Norse-Norns-and-Urd-Verdandi-Skuld hand-Norse-fate-weaver-and-Urd-Verdandi-Skuld Norse-Norns-and-Urd-Verdandi-Skuld-and-Yggdrasil-roots norn-and-Norse-fate-weaver surfaces under Norse-Norns-and-Urd-Verdandi-Skuld-and-Yggdrasil-roots Well-of-Urd-and-loom-of-fate fate-weaver-light. Sits at the modifier-and-myth end of the grid, parallel to vala and rune in usage.

Forest
noun

The dense canopy of a temperate or tropical woodland — oak, beech, pine, eucalyptus, mahogany — wherever leaves close above to filter the light below. Forest green refers to the average reflectance of a healthy mid-summer canopy seen from below: a saturated, slightly muted green with the matte finish of layered chlorophyll. Deeper than fern, cooler than olive, with the ecological weight of a word that has named every wooded biome on Earth.

Closest matches

The nearest named color in three reference sources, ranked by perceptual distance (ΔE76 in CIELAB). ΔE < 1 is imperceptible to most viewers; ΔE > 10 is clearly different. When two sources point to the same hex they’re merged into one tile; click any to open that color’s page.

Variations

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Harmonies

Accessibility

Color-vision simulation

How this color appears to viewers with the four major color-vision-deficiency types. Computed via the Machado (2009) physiologically-based model. If a tile matches the original, the color reads the same to that viewer.

#2d9325
Original
#978510
Protanopia
#8b7d31
Deuteranopia
#158e7e
Tritanopia
#757575
Achromatopsia
WCAG contrast

The color used as foreground text against pure white and pure black, with the contrast ratio and WCAG 2.1 grade. Aim for AA (4.5:1) for body text and AA Large (3:1) for 18 pt+ headlines; AAA (7:1) is the gold standard for long-form reading surfaces.

The quick brown foxSample body text at normal size. The wcag minimum for body contrast is 4.5:1 (AA) or 7:1 (AAA).
AA Largeon White
3.95:1
The quick brown foxSample body text at normal size. The wcag minimum for body contrast is 4.5:1 (AA) or 7:1 (AAA).
AAon Black
5.31:1

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